Die Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) sind eine mehr oder weniger autonom verwaltete Provinz mit einer Fläche von 13.295 km² im Südosten Bangladeschs, an Myanmar und die indischen Bundesstaaten Tripura und Mizoram grenzend.
Die CHT liegen administrativ innerhalb der drei Distrikte Khagrachhari, Rangamati und Bandarban.
Die Region ist, im Gegensatz zum Rest Bangladeschs, hügelig und von einem dichten Urwald überzogen. Die Bergregion wird hauptsächlich von 13 Bevölkerungsgruppen besiedelt, die sich selbst als die Jumma, die ersten Menschen, die die CHT besiedelten, sehen. Sie heißen Chakma, Marma, Tripuri, Tanchangya, Mro, Murung, Lushai, Khumi, Chak, Khyang, Bawm, Pankhua und Reang. Die Jumma unterscheiden sich von der restlichen Bevölkerung Bangladeschs durch ihre Sprache, Kultur, Religion und Ethnie. Während die Bengalen der indischen Volksgruppe zugeordnet werden, sind die Jumma mongolischen Ursprunges.
Bearbeiten Geschichte
Die Chittagong Hill Tracts standen unter der Herrschaft Tripuras, Arakans und der Sultane bevor sie 1760 in den Machtbereich der britischen East India Company fielen. Diese Macht beschränkte sich zunächst auf die Erhebung von Steuern. Der Verwaltungsdistrikt der Chittagong Hill Tracts wurde dann 1860 während der britischen Kolonialherrschaft durch den Frontier Tribes Act 22 of 1860 geschaffen. Im Jahr 1900 wurde das Berggebiet durch den 'Chittagong Hill Tract Regulation Act in drei Subverwaltungseinteilungen untergliedert.
Bandarban
Das Kolonialregime schützte die Jumma vor Zuzug von Zuwanderern, um die soziale Struktur und die Kultur zu erhalten. Nach der Abspaltung von Bangladeschs (damals Ost-Pakistan) von Indien wurden die Jumma von der pakistanischen Regierung als anti-pakistanisch eingestuft und der Zuzug von nicht-Einheimischen wurde erlaubt und gefördert. Des Weiteren wurde in den 1960er Jahren ein gigantischer Staudamm gebaut, der das beste Ackerland (40%) und Lebensraum für 100.000 Jumma unter Wassermassen begrub.
Nach der Unabhängigkeit Bangladeschs nach einem neunmonatigen Krieg mit Pakistan stellten die Jumma Forderungen an die neue Regierung, die die Autonomie der CHT, die Erhaltung des Standes der Regelung von 1900, die Anerkennung der drei Jumma-Könige und das Ende der Zuwanderung von Nicht-Jumma beinhalteten. Diese Forderungen wurden allesamt von Premierminister Mujibur Rahman abgelehnt. Seitdem wurden die Jumma politisch verfolgt, es kam zu Folter und Vergewaltigungen. Die Armee Bangladeschs ist in den CHT omnipräsent. Als Reaktion wurden viele Jumma militant und zogen sich in den Urwald zurück.
Im Jahre 1997 unterzeichnete die Jana Samhati Samiti (JSS), die politische Plattform der Jumma, ein Abkommen mit der Regierung Bangladeschs. Dieses Abkommen scheint aber eher dazu gedacht, die internationalen Geberländer zu beruhigen, als wirklich das Problem der Zuwanderung anzugehen. Anstatt das Problem der Militarisierung der CHT, des Landraubs und der bengalischen Siedler[1] zu behandeln, wurde die Präsenz der Siedler legalisiert. Ein Ende des Konfliktes ist nicht absehbar.
Bearbeiten Weblinks
Artikel zur politischen Situation der Chittagong Hill Tracts von Anja Fischer bei suedasien.info
Survival International Menschenrechtsorganisation zum Schutz indigener Völker
J.P. Mills and the Chittagong Hill Tracts, 1926/27 (Tour Diary, Reports, Photographs)
Bearbeiten Einzelverweise
↑ The Daily Star: Indigenous people in CHT become victim of land grabbing, displacement, 7. August 2008
Chittagong Hill Tracts: Indigenous People Press for Recognition
Renewing demands for the government to recognize them as indigenous people instead of ethnic communities, indigenous peoples formed a human chain in Tangail last week and submitted a memorandum to the Prime Minister articulating their demands in detail ...
http://www.unpo.org/article/12501
Renewing demands for the government to recognize them as indigenous people instead of ethnic communities, indigenous peoples formed a human chain in Tangail last week and submitted a memorandum to the Prime Minister articulating their demands in detail ...
http://www.unpo.org/article/12501
Chittagong Hill Tracts
*** Hilltractsbd.com is a site dedicated to the exploration and expansion of Chittagong Hill tracts. *** Hilltractsbd.com is now demo version. ...
Chittagong Hill Tracts: Indigenous Women Still Deprived
Hill Women's Federation conclude during debate at Dhaka University that the rights of indigenous woman are still not respected after 40 years of Bangladeshi independence Below is an article published by The Daily Star : Rights of indigenous women in ...
http://www.unpo.org/article/12487
Hill Women's Federation conclude during debate at Dhaka University that the rights of indigenous woman are still not respected after 40 years of Bangladeshi independence Below is an article published by The Daily Star : Rights of indigenous women in ...
http://www.unpo.org/article/12487
The Peoples of the Chittagong Hill Tracts - Photos by Amiya ...
Amiya Kanti Chakma is a young photographer from a village near Rangamati in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. He studied at the Monoghor school and ...
CJ for specific allegations against judiciary
Chief Justice ABM Khairul Haque (second from the right) on Saturday attended a workshop titled ‘Establishing justice in Chittagong Hill Tracts: Setting up judge court and next steps’, organised by Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Trust. Photo ...
http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=29171
Chief Justice ABM Khairul Haque (second from the right) on Saturday attended a workshop titled ‘Establishing justice in Chittagong Hill Tracts: Setting up judge court and next steps’, organised by Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Trust. Photo ...
http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=29171
Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord - Wikipedia, the free ...
The Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord is a political agreement and ... In talks with Hill Tracts delegation led by Chakma politician Manabendra Narayan Larma, the country's ...
Recognise hill people thru' constitution
Land disputes and other problems involving indigenous communities in the Chittagong Hill Tracts cannot be resolved unless those people are given constitutional recognition, Rashed Khan Menon, chairman of the parliamentary caucus on indigenous affairs ...
http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=179861
Land disputes and other problems involving indigenous communities in the Chittagong Hill Tracts cannot be resolved unless those people are given constitutional recognition, Rashed Khan Menon, chairman of the parliamentary caucus on indigenous affairs ...
http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=179861
the Chittagong Hill Tracts are an example of this They have suffered terribly with tens of thousands being killed over the years fighting back against national oppression Introduction Little is known about the Chittagong Hill Tracts CHT of Bangladesh with its 700 000 indigenous people Situated in the south eastern part of Bangladesh the CHT occupies a physical area of 5
http://www.marxist.com/fate-chittagong-hill-tracts-tribes-bangladesh.htm
Chittagong Hill Tracts Treaty, 1997
The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) peace accord was signed on December 2, 1997 in Dhaka at the Prime Minister's office between the government and ...
AGRI LONG MARCH
Speakers at the rally demanded prioritisation of Chittagong Hill Tracts in Vision-2021, Climate Change Strategic Plan, five-year plan and the national budget. Earlier a procession walked from the Press Club to Shahid Minar holding vegetables and fruits.
http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php?id=191269&cid=48&aoth=1
Speakers at the rally demanded prioritisation of Chittagong Hill Tracts in Vision-2021, Climate Change Strategic Plan, five-year plan and the national budget. Earlier a procession walked from the Press Club to Shahid Minar holding vegetables and fruits.
http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php?id=191269&cid=48&aoth=1
Film: Chittagong Hill Tracts What Future
The Case of Indigenous Peoples of the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh ... directed and acted by indigenous people from the Chittagong Hill Tracts (also known ...
Santu seeks tribes' recognition
UPDF was formed after the peace treaty was signed on Dec 7, 1997. It opposes the treaty. The Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord is a political agreement and peace treaty signed between the Government of Bangladesh and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati ...
http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=3&id=192447
UPDF was formed after the peace treaty was signed on Dec 7, 1997. It opposes the treaty. The Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord is a political agreement and peace treaty signed between the Government of Bangladesh and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati ...
http://www.bdnews24.com/details.php?cid=3&id=192447
The Chittagong Hill Tracts Commission
This website contains information about the Chittagong Hill Tract Commission and its work and it provides access to the Commission's documents ...
Tiger cubs found in Tripura
The cubs are believed to be 13 to 15 days old. The forest official said that as per the latest (in 2002) tiger census there are no tigers in the northeastern state that borders the Chittagong hill tracts (CHT) of southeast Bangladesh. The official said ...
http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/tripura/Tiger-cubs-found-in-Tripura/Article1-683195.aspx
The cubs are believed to be 13 to 15 days old. The forest official said that as per the latest (in 2002) tiger census there are no tigers in the northeastern state that borders the Chittagong hill tracts (CHT) of southeast Bangladesh. The official said ...
http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/tripura/Tiger-cubs-found-in-Tripura/Article1-683195.aspx
Click here for full size poster It s time to escape the heat and head for the hills This April join Bangladesh travel guru Mikey Leung for an unforgettable Chittagong Hill Tracts Trek
http://www.joybangla.info/2009/03/29/climb-bangladeshs-second-highest-mountain-visit-the-chittagong-ship-breaking-yards
Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs
The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) is a distinct region in terms of its ethnic, cultural and environmental diversity to the rest of Bangladesh ...
a wedding I attended in Khagrachari and of some of the local indigenous people BNKS works with Hopefully I will have time to update my Picture page and flickr site now I have my camera back Morning Noon and Night Apart from a quality weekend spent hanging out in Khagrachari with Miriam another UK VSO placed in the north of the Chittagong Hill Tracts not much has happened
http://banglarich.wordpress.com/2008/03/01/daily-life-bubble-butt-and-thunder-thighs
The Chittagong Hill Tracts Commission " The CHT Accord
Full Text of the Chittagong Hill Tracts Accord of 1997 (English Translation as published by Daily Star Internet Edition, Volume 1 Number 113 December 03, 1997) ...
CHITTAGONG HILL TRACTS COMMISSION
ii. The 1997 Chittagong Hill Tract Peace Accord will be fully implemented. ... was decided to re-establish the Chittagong Hill Tracts Commission in view of the ...











